luggage fabric-synthetic leather artificial leather knowledge

synthetic leather in the "luggage industry terminology" refers to the artificial synthesis of non-woven (non-woven) material on the base fabric to form a film layer of polyvinyl chloride and other resin or similar structure of leather, the appearance of a material like natural leather. Artificial leather is a kind of leather with woven cotton fabric as the base and plastic coating.
People are used to PVC resin as raw material production of leather called PVC; PU resin as raw material production of leather called PU: the average person will be the leather other than synthetic leather such as: PVC, PU leather collectively referred to as artificial leather or imitation leather. PVC and PU are both polyvinyl chloride (a kind of plastic), but the manufacturing process of these two products is not the same. In the manufacturing process of PVC leather, plastic particles should be hot-melted and stirred into paste, evenly coated on the T/C knitted fabric base according to the specified thickness, and then enter the foaming furnace for foaming, so that it has softness that can adapt to the production of various products and different requirements, and surface treatment (dyeing, embossing, polishing, matting, surface grinding and linting, etc, mainly according to specific product requirements).
PU leather in the manufacturing process is more complicated than PVC leather, because the PU base cloth is canvas PU material with good tensile strength, in addition to being coated on the top of the base cloth, the base cloth can also be included in the middle, so that the appearance can not see the existence of the base cloth. PU leather has better physical properties than PVC leather, resistance to twists and turns, good softness, high tensile strength and air permeability (PVC without). The pattern of PVC leather is formed by hot pressing of steel pattern rollers. The pattern of PU leather is to use a kind of pattern paper to heat up and press it on the surface of semi-finished leather, and then separate the paper leather for surface treatment after waiting for cooling down. The price of PU leather is more than twice as high as that of PVC leather, and the price of PU leather with certain special requirements is 2-3 times higher than that of PVC leather. Generally, the pattern paper required for PU leather can only be scrapped 4-5 times. The service life of pattern rollers is long, so the cost of PU leather is higher than that of PVC leather.
The scope of application of these two materials also has a certain difference. In terms of footwear, PVC leather is mostly used in lining or non-weight bearing parts, or in the manufacture of children's shoes; PU leather can be applied to footwear fabrics or weight bearing parts. In the bag, the application of more is PVC leather. This is because the items in the bag are different from the feet in the shoes and do not emit heat; they do not have to bear personal weight. Characteristics between PU and PVC leather:
1. (PVC) artificial leather
① Ordinary artificial leather. Most of the flat cloth, canvas, recycled cloth as the base, with a direct coating method. The finished product feels hard and wear-resistant, and is mainly used for making wear-resistant packaging bags, construction and industrial accessories.
② Foam artificial leather. The knitted fabric is used as the base, and the surface layer paste contains foaming agents and additives, which foam to form a microporous structure during gelation. The finished product is light, plump and soft, used to make gloves, bags, bags, clothing and furniture.
③ Suede artificial leather. Commonly known as faux suede. Its variety, different technology. The microporous surface layer of artificial leather after gelation can be made into smooth suede leather after grinding by sand roller. The coating layer is fluffed and stretched by a fluffing roller to produce a curled suede leather, which is suitable for use as a sneaker wrapping and edging material. Adding soluble salts (such as salt) to the coating paste, and then dissolving the salt with water after gelation, can make the surface layer microporous and suede. Using electrostatic flocking method, 0.5~1mm long synthetic fiber short pile is planted on polyvinyl chloride artificial leather coated with adhesive, and electrostatic suede leather can be produced, and bags, clothing and decorations can be made by hand.
2. (PU) artificial leather
① Polyamide artificial leather
Breathable, moisture absorption is better than PVC artificial leather, and has a better appearance and feel, commonly used in the production of boxes, bags and so on.
② Polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather
It is made of raising cloth as the base and polyurethane solution as the coating. Its texture is light and soft, wear-resistant, breathable, warm, and its feel is not affected by changes in temperature and temperature. It is suitable for making clothing, higher-level bags, bags and decorations.
③ Polyolefin artificial leather
With low density polyethylene as the main raw material, it is made by calendering and laminating method. It is light, firm and smooth on the surface, suitable for making bags and bags.
3. PU, PVC leather distinction;
The difference between PU and PVC is relatively easy. From the corners, the bottom cloth of PU is much thicker than PVC, and the hand feeling is also different. PU feels softer. PVC feels harder. It can also be burned with fire. PU tastes much lighter than PVC. It can also be distinguished by the method of soaking in gasoline. The method is to use a small piece of fabric, put it in gasoline for half an hour, and then take it out. If it is PVC artificial leather, it will harden and become brittle. If it is PU synthetic leather, it will not harden and become brittle.